Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of Zaoren Anshen Capsules combined with Lorazepam on sleep latency and levels of serum 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and neuropeptide Y （NPY） in patients with insomnia. Methods：A total of 116 patients with insomnia admitted to the Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital from June 2021 to January 2023 were divided into the western medicine group and the integrated Chinese and western medicine combination group according to the random number table method，with 58 cases in each group. The western medicine group was treated with Lorazepam，and the integrated Chinese and western medicine combination group was treated with Zaoren Anshen Capsules combined with Lorazepam. Both groups were treated for four weeks. The sleep-related indicators， levels of neurotransmitters （5-HT and NPY）， clinical effects and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 96.55% （56/58） in the integrated Chinese and western medicine combination group， and 82.76% （48/58） in the western medicine group， the difference being significant （P＜0.05）. After treatment， the sleep latency and number of awakenings in the two groups were reduced when compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05），and the total sleep time was prolonged when compared with that before treatment （P＜0.05）； the latency to fall asleep and the number of awakenings in the integrated Chinese and western medicine combination group were lower than those in the western medicine group （P＜0.05）， and the total sleep time was longer than that in the western medicine group （P＜0.05）. After treatment，the levels of serum 5-HT and NPY in the two groups were elevated when compared with those before treatment （P＜0.05）， and the above two levels in the integrated Chinese and western medicine combination group were higher than those in the western medicine group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.90% （4/58） in the integrated Chinese and western medicine combination group， and 12.07%（7/58） in the western medicine group， there being no significance in the difference （P＞0.05）. Conclusion：The therapy of Zaoren Anshen Capsules combined with Lorazepam can effectively shorten the sleep latency of insomnia patients，and improve the sleep quality and levels of related neurotransmitter.