Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of the combination use of modified Yangmu Decoction and Calcium Dobesilate Capsules on nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) with liverspleen deficiency syndrome and ocular vessel malnutrition syndrome and its effects on the levels of serum chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1)， follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) and C1q/tumor necrosis factorrelated protein 9 (CTRP9). Methods：A total of 82 NPDR patients with liver-spleen deficiency syndrome and ocular vessel malnutrition syndrome were divided into the treatment group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 41 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Calcium Dobesilate Capsules， and the treatment group was treated with modified Yangmu Decoction combined with Calcium Dobesilate Capsules. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The visual acuity， intraocular pressure， fundus indexes， traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores and levels of serum CMKLR1，FSTL1 and CTRP9 were compared before and after treatment between the two groups； the clinical effects and incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups were evaluated. Results：The total effective rate was 92.68% in the treatment group， higher than that of 73.17% in the control group (P＜ 0.05). After treatment， the cycle time， areas of vascular leakage， number of microaneurysms， areas of capillary non-perfusion， TCM syndrome scores， intraocular pressure and levels of serum CMKLR1 and FSTL1 in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the cycle time，areas of vascular leakage，number of microaneurysms，areas of capillary non-perfusion，TCM syndrome scores， intraocular pressure and levels of serum CMKLR1 and FSTL1 in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the visual acuity and levels of serum CTRP9 in the two groups were higher than those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the visual acuity and serum CTRP9 level in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). No obvious adverse reactions were found in the two groups. Conclusion： The combination use of modified Yangmu Decoction and Calcium Dobesilate Capsules has a definite curative effect on NPDR with liver-spleen deficiency syndrome and ocular vessel malnutrition syndrome， which can inhibit the inflammation of the body， protect the retinal barrier of patients and enhance the visual acuity with great safety.