Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of modified Yiqi Jianpi Decoction combined with chemotherapy on serum cytokines and gastrointestinal function in patients after surgery of colorectal cancer. Methods：A total of 84 patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group， with 42 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with two-port laparoscopic radical surgery. The control group was treated with chemotherapy drugs after surgery， and the treatment group was treated with modified Yiqi Jianpi Decoction combined with chemotherapy after surgery. Compared the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， serum inflammatory factors， and immune function indicators (CD4+ ， CD8+ ， CD4+/CD8+ ). Compared the clinical effects， the first exhaust time，the first defecation time，and incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 85.71% in the treatment group，which was higher than that of 66.67% in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the TCM syndrome scores， peripheral blood CD8+ levels， and serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) - α and interleukin (IL) -6 levels in both groups were declined when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the peripheral blood CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels were raised (P＜0.05)；the TCM syndrome scores，serum inflammatory factors and peripheral blood CD8+ levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05)，and the peripheral blood CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The first exhaust time and first defecation time in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group (P＜0.05)， and the incidence of adverse reactions was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion：The modified Yiqi Jianpi Decoction combined with chemotherapy can accelerate the recovery of gastrointestinal function， improve inflammatory status，enhance immune function，and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions in patients，with significant clinical efficacy.