Abstract：Objective：To study the correlation between Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and laboratory indexes and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods：A total of 200 cases of patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy were selected； syndrome differentiation showed that there were 79 cases with yin-yang deficiency syndrome， 51 cases with spleen-kidney qi deficiency syndrome， 43 cases with qi-yin deficiency syndrome， and 27 cases with yin deficiency and dryness-heat syndrome. The levels of serum urea nitrogen (BUN)， creatinine (Cr)， glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)，renalase (RNLS)，urine β2-microglobulin (β2-MG)，and CIMT in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy were compared among different Chinese medicine syndrome types. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Chinese medicine syndrome types of type 2 diabetic nephropathy and RNLS，β2-MG，CIMT，BUN，and Cr. Results：The comparisons of the levels of serum RNLS， β2-MG， BUN， Cr， and CIMT among patients with four different syndrome types showed significance in the difference (P＜0.05). The serum levels of RNLS，β2-MG，BUN，Cr，and CIMT of patients with yin-yang deficiency syndrome were higher than those of patients with spleen-kidney qi deficiency syndrome， qi-yin deficiency syndrome， and yin deficiency and dryness-heat syndrome (P＜ 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that Chinese Medicine syndrome types of type 2 diabetic nephropathy were positively correlated with RNLS，β2-MG，CIMT，BUN，and Cr (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Qi-yin deficiency syndrome accounts for the highest proportion of patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy，followed by spleen-kidney qi deficiency syndrome. There are differences in serum RNLS and β2-MG levels and CIMT in patients with different Chinese medicine syndrome types.