Abstract： Objective： To observe the curative effect of Xianfang Huoming Decoction on osteomyelitis of heat toxin accumulation type. Methods：A total of 120 cases of patients with osteomyelitis of heat toxin accumulation type were selected as the research subjects and divided into the observation group and the control group，with 60 cases in each group，using a random number table method. All patients underwent routine surgical debridement. The control group was treated with negative pressure vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) after surgery， and the observation group was additionally treated with Xianfang Huoming Decoction on the basis of the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for four weeks. Observed the recovery and occurrence of adverse reactions in two groups， compared the changes in traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， inflammatory factors[C-reactive protein(CRP)， tumor necrosis factor- α(TNF- α)， interleukin-6(IL-6)， interleukin-8 (IL-8)， erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)]， Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) of knee scores， and ankle joint function scale (Baird-Jackson) scores before and after treatment， and used bivariate correlation person analysis to investigate the correlation between inflammatory factors and clinical symptoms in patients with osteomyelitis. Results： After four weeks of treatment，the observation group had shorter bone healing，granulation tissue covering the wound，wound healing，swelling resolution，and pain disappearance time than the control group，the difference being significant (P＜0.05). After four weeks of treatment， the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores and total scores for limb pain， swelling， abnormal skin color， and abnormal skin temperature in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the observation group had lower scores and total scores for the above four traditional Chinese medicine syndromes than the control group (P＜0.05). After four weeks of treatment，the inflammatory factors levels of CRP，TNF-α，IL-6，IL-8，and ESR in serum in both groups were declined when compared with those before treatment，and the levels of these five factors in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of CRP，TNF- α，IL-6，IL-8，and ESR in patients with osteomyelitis were positively correlated with the severity of symptoms such as limb pain，swelling，abnormal skin color， and abnormal skin temperature (r>0，P＜0.05). After two and four weeks of treatment，the HSS scores and Baird-Jackson scores were raised when compared with those before treatment， and the HSS score and Baird-Jackson score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). During the treatment period，neither group experienced serious adverse reactions. Conclusion：Xianfang Huoming Decoction can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response of patients with osteomyelitis，alleviate clinical symptoms，promote lesion healing，and improve knee and ankle joint function.