Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical efficacy of Baihe Gujin Decoction combined with a combination of Paclitaxel and Cisplatin (TP) chemotherapy on advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with lung-kidney yin deficiency syndrome. Methods： A total of 84 cases of NSCLC patients with lungkidney yin deficiency syndrome were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method ， with 42 cases in each group. The control group was treated with TP chemotherapy，and the observation group was additionally treated with Baihe Gujin Decoction based on TP chemotherapy. After three cycles of treatment，traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores， Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scores， serum tumor markers [carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9)， carbohydrate antigen 12-5 (CA12-5)， carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)] and T lymphocyte subgroup indicators (CD3+ ， CD4+ ， CD8+ ， CD4+/CD8+ ratio) were compared before and after treatment in the two groups. The clinical efficacy and the incidence of chemotherapy toxic side effects were compared between the two groups. Results：After treatment，the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the KPS scores were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05). The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05)， and the KPS score was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of CA19-9， CA12-5 and CEA in serum in the two groups were reduced when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the levels of above three indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the control group were reduced when compared with those before treatment， and the level of CD8+ in the control group was elevated when compared with that before treamtnent，difference being significant (P＜0.05). The levels of CD3+ and CD4+ and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， and the level of CD8+ was lower than that in the control group， difference being significant (P＜0.05). The incidence rates of liver and kidney function damage， gastrointestinal reactions， leukopenia， thrombocytopenia， and bone marrow suppression in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Baihe Gujin Decoction combined with chemotherapy has a better clinical effect than simple chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC with lung-kidney yin deficiency syndrome. It can more effectively alleviate symptoms， inhibit disease progression， protect the body's immune function， and reduce the occurrence of chemotherapy toxic side effects.