Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of the combination use of Yiqi Yangyin Prescription and Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets as intervention for patients after surgery of thyroid cancer. Methods：The clinical effect of 67 patients with qi and yin deficiency syndrome after receiving surgery of thyroid cancer were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into control group (33 cases) and the observation group (34 cases) according to the different treatment methods. Both groups were treated with minimally invasive thyroidectomy through axillary fossa and given anti-infection after surgery. The control group was treated with Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets，and the observation group was treated with Yiqi Yangyin Prescription combined with Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets. Both groups were treated for two months. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) scores were evaluated， the thyroidrelated hormones [thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)，free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4)] were detected；the clinical effects were compared between the two groups，and the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was counted. Results：One and two months after surgery，the TCM syndrome scores in the two groups were respectively lower than those before surgery (P＜0.05)； two months after surgery， the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that one month after surgery (P＜0.05). One and two months after surgery， the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Two months after surgery， the levels of TSH in the two groups were reduced when compared with those before surgery， and the levels of FT3 and FT4 were elevated when compared with those before surgery (P＜0.05). The levels of FT3 and FT4 in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of TSH level between the two groups (P＞0.05). One and two months after surgery，the EORTC QLQ-C30 scores in the two groups were increased when compared with those before surgery (P＜ 0.05)；the EORTC QLQ-C30 score in the observation group two months after surgery was higher than that one month after surgery (P＜0.05). One months after operation， the EORTC QLQ-C30 score in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Two months after surgery，the total effective rate was 91.18% in the observation group and 66.67 % in the control group， difference being significant (P＜0.05). Within two months after surgery， there was one case of diarrhea and one case of insomnia in the control group， which were relieved after adjusting the dosage； no adverse reactions occurred in the observation group. Conclusion： The combination use of Yiqi Yangyin Prescription and Levothyroxine Sodium Tablets can significantly enhance the curative effect on patients with qi and yin deficiency syndrome after surgery of thyroid cancer，and improve the thyroid function and quality of life of patients with great safety.