Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of Compound Huangbai Liquid and Niuhuang Zhiqing Suppository combined with conventional therapy on anal cryptitis of damp-heat pouring downward type. Methods： A total of 120 patients with anal cryptitis of damp-heat pouring downward type were selected and divided into Groups A，B，C and D according to random number table method，with 30 cases in each group. Group A was given conventional treatment； Group B was given conventional treatment combined with Compound Huangbai Liquid； Group C was given conventional treatment combined with Niuhuang Zhiqing Suppository， and Group D was given conventional treatment combined with Compound Huangbai Liquid and Niuhuang Zhiqing Suppository. Four groups were treated for 30 days. The clinical effects and symptom remission time in the four groups were compared， and the changes of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores，serum indexes [monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)，substance P (SP)， 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] and immune indexes [T lymphocyte subsets CD4+，CD8+，CD4+/CD8+] before and after treatment were compared between the four groups. Results：The total effective rate was 70.00% in Group A，86.67% in Group B，83.33% in Group C and 100% in Group D. The clinical effect in Group D was better than those in the other three groups，the difference being significant (P＜0.05). After treatment， the total scores of main symptoms and secondary symptoms in the four groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)； the total scores of main symptoms and secondary symptoms in Group D were lower than those in Groups A，B and C (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of MCP-1， SP and 5-HT in Group D were lower than those in Groups A， B and C (P＜0.05)； the levels of MCP-1，SP and 5-HT in Groups B and C were lower than those in Group A (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were enhanced when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the levels of CD8+ were reduced when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the levels of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in Group D were higher than those in Groups A，B and C，and the level of CD8+ was lower than those in Groups A，B and C (P＜0.05). The regression time of anal distention，anal pain，anal moisture and anal edema in Group D was respectively shorter than that in Groups A，B and C，and the regression time of symptoms in Groups B and C was shorter than that in Group A，differences being significant (P＜ 0.05). Conclusion： Compound Huangbai Liquid， Niuhuang Zhiqing Suppository and conventional therapy together can relieve symptoms，improve immune function，shorten the recovery time of symptoms，and have a great effect.