Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of Yiqi Huayu Bufei Decoction on immune function and long-term survival in patients with middle-advanced stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) undergoing chemotherapy. Methods：A total of 136 cases of patients with middle-advanced stage NSCLC were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 68 cases in each group. During treatment， one case was excluded from the observation group， and four cases were excluded from the control group； finally， 67 cases in the observation group and 64 cases in the control group were included. The control group was treated with chemotherapy with a combination of docetaxel and cisplatin regimen， and the observation group was additionally treated with Yiqi Huayu Bufei Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. Shortterm curative effects， the scores of the Quality of Life Scale (QOL) of cancer patients and the levels of immune function indicators before and after chemotherapy， the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment， and median survival time were compared between the two groups. Results： After chemotherapy，the total remission rate was 59.70% in the observation group，higher than that of 42.19% in the control group (P＜0.05). After chemotherapy，the scores of social functioning，physical functioning， and psychological functioning in the two groups were increased when compared with those before chemotherapy (P＜0.05)， and the scores of social functioning， physical functioning， and psychological functioning in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After chemotherapy， the levels of CD4+ in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before chemotherapy (P＜0.05)， and the levels of CD8+ were increased when compared with those before chemotherapy (P＜0.05)；the levels of CD3+，CD4+，and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05)， and the level of CD8+ in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). During chemotherapy， the total incidence of adverse reactions was 4.48% in the observation group， lower than that of 17.19% in the control group (P＜0.05). The median survival time was 25 months in the observation group， with 95%CI 15.223-34.777， and the median survival time was 16 months in the control group， with 95%CI 17.684-24.316， the difference being significant (Log Rank P＜0.05). Conclusion：Yiqi Huayu Bufei Decoction can effectively improve the shortterm curative effects on patients with middle-advanced stage NSCLC， which can help protect immune function，reduce the occurrence of severe adverse reactions during chemotherapy，improve quality of life， and prolong their survival time.