Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Xingshen Jiannao Prescription combined with midnight-midday low-frequency electroacupuncture therapy on vascular cognitive impairment complicated with sleep inversion. Methods： A total of 90 cases of patients with vascular cognitive impairment complicated with sleep inversion were selected and divided into the acupuncture group and the combination group according to the random number table method，with 45 cases in each group. The acupuncture group was treated with midnight-midday low-frequency electroacupuncture therapy，and the combination group was treated with midnight-midday low-frequency electroacupuncture therapy combined with Xingshen Jiannao Prescription. The clinical effects were evaluated in the two groups. The scores of Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS)， Spiegel sleep questionnaire (SPIEGEL)， Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)， Mini Mental State Scale (MMSE)， and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) were compared before and after treatment. The percentages of falling asleep period (S1)，light sleep period (S2)， sound sleep period (S3) + deep sleep period (S4)，and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep were detected. The levels of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α)， interleukin-6 (IL-6)， and complement C3， and blood-brain barrier permeability index Ki/c were detected. Results： The total effective rate was 97.78% in the combination group， higher than that of 82.22% in the acupuncture group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the scores of AIS，PSQI，and ADAS-cog in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the scores of AIS，PSQI，and ADAS-cog in the combination group were lower than those in the acupuncture group (P＜0.05)；the scores of SPIEGEL and MMSE in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the scores of SPIEGEL and MMSE in the combination group were higher than those in the acupuncture group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the percentages of S2，S3+S4，and REM in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the percentages of S2，S3+S4，and REM in the combination group were higher than those in the acupuncture group (P＜0.05). The percentage of S1 in the two groups was decreased when compared with that before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the percentage of S1 in the combination group was lower than that in the acupuncture group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of TNF- α， IL-6， complement C3，and Ki/c were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the levels of TNF- α，IL-6，complement C3，and Ki/c in the combination group were lower than those in the acupuncture group (P＜0.05). Conclusion：Xingshen Jiannao Prescription combined with midnight-midday low-frequency electroacupuncture therapy for patients with vascular cognitive impairment complicated with sleep inversion can inhibit the inflammatory responses in the body，reduce complement C3 levels，improve the blood-brain barrier， regulate sleep structure， improve sleep quality and cognitive function， and enhance clinical effects.