Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of Xuanfei Pingchuan Prescription combined with Budesonide Aerosol Inhalation on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods：A total of 302 AECOPD patients were divided into the control group and the treatment group according to the random number table method，with 151 cases in each group. The control group was treated with aerosol inhalation with Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate Powder Inhalation， and the treatment group was additionally treated with Xuanfei Pingchuan Prescription based on the treatment of the control group. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， levels of lung function indexes， including peak expiratory flow (PEF)， forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)， and levels of serum inflammatory factors， including C- reactive protein (CRP)， interleukin- 6 (IL- 6) and tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α) were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. After treatment，the clinical effects and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results： The total effective rate was 98.68% in the treatment group， higher than that of 91.39% in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， theTCM syndrome scores of cough and gasp，chest tightness，excessive phlegm and wheezing，cough with white phlegm in the two groups were decreased (P＜0.05)，and the above four scores in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of PEF， FVC and FEV1 in the two groups were increased (P＜0.05)，and the above three levels in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions was 1.32% in the treatment group， lower than that of 7.28% in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Xuanfei Pingchuan Prescription combined with Budesonide Aerosol Inhalation has an ideal curative effect on AECOPD patients，which can improve the clinical symptoms and lung function of patients，and decrease the levels of inflammatory factors with great safety.