Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of Suzi Jiangqi Decoction combined with mechanical ventilation on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with respiratory failure. Methods： A total of 82 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with respiratory failure were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 41 cases in each group. Based on supportive treatment，the control group was treated with mechanical ventilation and the observation group was given Suzi Jiangqi Decoction combined with mechanical ventilation for treatment. The clinical effects in the two groups were evaluated；the vital signs and levels of lung function indexes and inflammatory factors were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Results： The total effective rate was 97.56% in the observation group， higher than that of 85.37% in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the breathing rate and heart rate in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the temperature，breathing rate and heart rate in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the force expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)，forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the FEV1， FVC and FEV1/FVC in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of procalcitonin (PCT)，tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the above three levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Suzi Jiangqi Decoction combined with mechanical ventilation can enhance the clinical effect on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with respiratory failure，improve the vital signs of patients and the lung function，and mitigate the inflammatory responses.