Abstract： Objective： To observe the curative effect of modified Qianjin Decoction on patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of phlegm- heat obstructing the lung type. Methods： A total of 74 cases of patients with acute exacerbation of COPD of phlegm- heat obstructing the lung type were screened and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method，with 37 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine western medicine，and the observation group was additionally treated with Qianjin Decoction based on routine treatment of western medicine. After 2 weeks of treatment，Respiratory Questionnaire of modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scores， levels of lung function indexes [forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and ratio of FEV1 to total forced expiratory volume (FEV1/FVC)]，traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores， levels of inflammatory factors [C- reactive protein (CRP)， procalcitonin (PCT)，tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)，and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum] before and after treatment as well as the clinical effects were compared between the two groups. Results： After treatment，the total effective rate was 94.59% in the observation group and 72.97% in the control group， the difference being significant (P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of mMRC and CAT in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the scores of mMRC and CAT in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜ 0.05)，and the two indexes in observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， TCM syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the TCM syndrome score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of CRP，PCT，TNF-α，and IL-6 in serum in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the levels of the four inflammatory factors in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Modified Qianjin Decoction has a definite curative effect effective in treating patients with acute exacerbation of COPD of phlegm- heat obstructing the lung type. It can inhibit inflammatory responses of the body，and effectively improve the lung function，dyspnea degree and TCM syndromes.