Abstract：Objective：To study the mechanism of Guizhi and Gegen Decoction for neck- type cervical spondylopathy (NTCS) in rabbits based on intestinal flora (IF) regulation. Methods：A total of 9 rabbits were randomly divided into the blank group，the model group，and the Guizhi and Gegen Decoction group，with 3 rabbits in each group. The blank group was not subjected to modeling and the rest two groups were made as the NTCS rabbit models with spleen deficiency syndrome. The blank group and the model group were not given any medicine， and the Guizhi and Gegen Decoction group was treated with 10mL/kg Guizhi and Gegen Decoction by gavage for seven days，once per day. The IF abundance of rabbits was detected by 16 SrRNA gene high throughput sequencing； the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) of rectum，vagus nerve，hypothalamus and cervical sympathetic trunk，and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of C3- 5 intervertebral disc tissue were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)； The correlation of IF abundance with VIP，NPY and LPS of each tissue was detected by Pearson correlation analysis. Results： According to final statistics， 3 rabbits were included in the blank group， the model group and the Guizhi and Gegen Decoction group， respectively. After modeling， the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes in the model group and the blank group showed significance in the difference (P＜0.05)， indicating that the IF imbalance in rabbits had been formed. After medication， comparing respectively the abundance of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes between the Chinese medicine group and the model group， differences being significant (P＜0.05)， indicating that Chinese medicine can effectively change the abundance of flora and recover the normal proportion of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. The contents of VIP and NPY of rectum， vagus nerve， hypothalamus and cervical sympathetic trunk in the model group were significantly increased when compared with those in the blank group， and the LPS content of cucullaris and C3- 5 intervertebral disc tissue was also obviously increased， differences being significant (P＜0.05)；the above contents in the Chinese medicine group were significantly decreased when compared with those in the model group (P＜0.05). The levels of VIP，NPY and LPS in the corresponding tissues were positively correlated with the abundance of Firmicutes (P＜0.01)， and negatively correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidetes (P＜0.05). Conclusion：IF imbalance is closely related to NTCS. During the onset of NTCS， IF imbalance can deliver the damage signals such as pro- inflammatory substances VIP，NPY and LPS to the neck through the bacteria-gut-brain-neck sympathetic axis，thereby promoting the immune inflammatory responses in soft tissues of neck such as cucullaris and cervical intervertebral disc tissue. Guizhi and Gegen Decoction can regulate IF，that is，by restoring the normal proportion of flora，it inhibits the delivery of damage signals via the bacteria- gut- brain- neck sympathetic axis， thereby eliminating the inflammatory responses of the soft tissue around the neck to achieve analgesic effect.