Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Bushen Yizhi Prescription combined with Donepezil Hydrochloride on Aizheimer's disease (AD) and its effects on cognitive ability， brain neurotransmitters， and oxidative stress-related factors in patients. Methods： A total of 112 AD patients were selected as study objects and were divided into the western medicine group and the observation group according to different treatment methods，with 56 cases in each group. The western medicine group was treated with Donepezil Hydrochloride Tablets， and the observation group was additionally treated with Bushen Yizhi Prescription based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for 24 weeks. Clinical effects were evaluated in the two groups. Cognitive ability， brain neurotransmitters， and the levels of oxidative stress-related factors were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The incidence of adverse reactions was observed. Results：The total effective rate was 91.07% in the observation group， higher than that of 76.79% in the western medicine group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the scores in the observation group were higher than those in the western medicine group (P＜0.05)； the scores of Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment， and the scores in the observation group were lower than those in the western medicine group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the levels of dopamine (DA)， norepinephrine (NE)， and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in plasma in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and the above levels in the observation group were higher than those in the western medicine group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the above two levels in the observation group were higher than those in the western medicine group (P＜0.05)； the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the level in the observation group was lower than that in the western medicine group (P＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion： Bushen Yizhi Prescription can improve the cognitive ability of AD patients，regulate brain neurotransmitters and oxidative stress-related factors，and has good safety.