Abstract： Objective： To observe the effect of the therapy of Chinese medicine scalp acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on the activity of daily living and recovery of language function of patients with aphasia after cerebral infraction. Methods： A total of 80 patients with aphasia after cerebral infarction were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given rehabilitation training for treatment， and the observation group was additionally treated with Chinese medicine scalp acupuncture based on rehabilitation training. The clinical effects in both groups were observed；the average velocity of cerebral arteries， levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)， calcitonin gene- related peptide (CGRP)， hypersensitive C- reactive protein (hs- CRP)， interleukin- 8 (IL- 8) and endothelin (ET)， and the changes in scores of Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Aphasia Examination (CRRCAE)， Chinese Functional Communication Profile (CFCP)， Fugl- Meyer， Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Scale and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) were compared before and after treatment between the two groups. Results：The total clinical effective rate was 92.50% in the observation group and 75.00% in the control group， the difference being significant (P＜0.05). After treatment， the average velocity of anterior，middle and posterior cerebral arteries in both groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)； the average velocity of cerebral arteries in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment， the values of BNDF and CGRP in both groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the values of hs-CRP，IL-8 and ET were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the values of BNDF and CGRP in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，and the values of hs- CRP， IL-8 and ET were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of talking， retelling，listening comprehension and naming in CRRCAE in both groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and the above four scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of CFCP，Fugl- Meyer and ADL in both groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the NIHSS scores were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；the scores of CFCP，Fugl-Meyer and ADL in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05)， and the NIHSS score was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Chinese medicine scalp acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training can promote the recovery of language function of patients with aphasia after cerebral infraction， mitigate the defect of neuromechanism and enhance the activity of daily living.