Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with wax therapy on low back pain after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type on the basis of anti-osteoporotic. Methods：A total of 68 cases of patients who still had low back pain during the first 3 days after PKP for OVCF of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type were selected and randomly divided into the trial group and the control group，with 34 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with Alfacalcidol Soft Capsules and Calcium Carbonate- Vitamin D3 Tablets 3 days after PKP，and the trial group was additionally treated with Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with wax therapy based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were continuously treated for 8 weeks， and were followed up for 4 weeks after 8 weeks of treatment. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores for low back pain， Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI)， and bone mineral density (BMD) before and after PKP，and clinical effects were compared between the two groups. The incidence of adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded in the two groups. Results：After treatment，the total effective rate in the trial group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). The VAS scores in the two groups were decreased at 1 week， 2 weeks， 5 weeks， and 8 weeks after operation when compared with those before operation and within the first 3 days after operation (P＜0.05). The VAS scores in the two groups were decreased at 2 weeks， 5 weeks， and 8 weeks after operation when compared with those at the previous time points (P＜0.05). The VAS scores at 1 week，2 weeks， 5 weeks，and 8 weeks after operation in the trial group were lower than those in the control group (P＜ 0.05). The ODI values in the two groups were decreased at 1 week，2 weeks，5 weeks，and 8 weeks after operation when compared with those before operation and within the first 3 days after operation (P＜ 0.05). The ODI values in the two groups were decreased at 2 weeks， 5 weeks， and 8 weeks after operation when compared with those at the previous time points (P＜0.05). The ODI values at 1 week， 2 weeks， 5 weeks， and 8 weeks after operation in the trial group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). The BMD values at 8 weeks and 12 weeks after operation in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment and within the first 3 days after operation (P＜0.05)； there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of BMD values at 12 weeks after operation and at 8 weeks after operation in the two groups (P＞0.05). The BMD values at 8 weeks and 12 weeks after operation in the trial group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion：Based on anti-osteoporotic，Bushen Huoxue Decoction combined with wax therapy can effectively relieve the low back pain after PKP for OVCF of kidney deficiency and blood stasis type，improve their ability of daily activities，increase bone mass，and have high safety.