Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of methods of freeing the middle energizer， attacking the lower energizer，boosting qi and invigorating blood (Modified Zhenwu Decoction) on chronic renal failure (CRF) and its influence on microinflammation. Methods： A total of 57 CRF patients were selected and divided into the control group (28 cases) and the observation group (29 cases) by random number table. The control group was treated with conventional western medicine， and the observation group was additionally treated with Modified Zhenwu Decoction based on the treatment of the control group. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores，kidney function indexes，including glomerular filtration rate (GFR)，serum creatinine (SCr)，blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cystatin C (Cys-C)， microinflammation， including C- reactive protein (CRP)， serum interleukin- 6 (IL- 6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)，were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical effects and medication safety in the two groups were evaluated after treatment. Results：The total effective rate was 93.10% in the observation group and 67.86% in the control group，the difference being significant (P＜ 0.05). After treatment，the TCM syndrome scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the GFR levels in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and the SCr levels were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)；and the GFR level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05)， and the SCr level was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05)； there was no significant difference in the comparison of BUN and Cys-C levels between the two groups before and after treatment (P＞0.05). After treatment， the levels of CRP， IL- 6 and TNF- α in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the levels of CRP，IL-6 and TNF-α in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). At the end of treatment，the results of three routine tests，electrocardiogram and liver function in the two groups had little change when compared with those before treatment. Conclusion： The methods of freeing the middle energizer， attacking the lower energizer，boosting qi and invigorating blood have a significant effect on CRF，which can improve clinical effects， effectively improve the TCM syndromes of patients， and protect residual kidney function. Its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of CRP，IL-6 and TNF-α levels.