Abstract： Objective： To analyze and study the medication rules of treating primary liver cancer with Chinese medicine through statistical analysis based on data mining. Methods： The literatures concerning primary liver cancer treated with Chinese medicine in China National knowledge Internet and Ancient and Modern Medical Cases Cloud Platform over the past 15 years were searched，and the medicines found in the prescriptions and their natures， flavors and channel entries were given the analyses of frequency， cluster，association rules and complex network. Results：A total of 853 literature were included，where Chinese medicinals were used for 12 900 times and 33 ones were used for more than 80 times. The Chinese medicinals used in therapeutic prescriptions were mainly cold， mild and warm in nature， and sweet and bitter in flavor，with common channel entries to the liver，spleen，lung and stomach；in terms of the curative effects， the Chinese medicinals for supplementing deficiency were used the most， followed by those for clearing heat， inducing diuresis to drain dampness， activating blood and resolving stasis and regulating qi. Poria topped the first for single use， followed by Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma， Scutellariae Barbatae Herba， Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma， Bupleuri Radix， Astragali Radix， Hedyotis Herba Diffusae， Angelicae Sinensis Radix， Trionycis Carapax， Codonopsis Radix， Paeoniae Radix，Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium，Coicis Semen and Pinelliae Rhizoma，which were used for more than 200 times. According to the association analysis of commonly- used Chinese medicinals， the Chinese medicine treatment of liver cancer mainly adopted the Chinese medicinals for fortifying the spleen to resolve phlegm， tonifying qi to dispel stasis and clearing heat to resolve toxins； the herbal pairs with high association were Poria- Pinelliae Rhizoma- Atractylodis Rhizoma and Poria- Pinelliae Rhizoma- Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium. The analysis of complex network of commonly-used Chinese medicinals showed that those for tonifying the spleen and resolving dampness，dispersing the stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation and drying dampness to resolve phlegm presented the strongest link. Conclusion：The Chinese medicine treatment of primary liver cancer mainly uses the medicinals that are cold， mild and warm in nature， and its treatment principle is to tonify the spleen and sooth the liver， and resolve phlegm and dissipate stasis.