Abstract：Objective：To observe the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion combined with hyperbaric oxygen on state of consciousness and neurological function in patients after operation for craniocerebral trauma. Methods：A total of 158 cases of patients with craniocerebral trauma were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group，with 79 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with routine operation；the control group was treated with hyperbaric oxygen，and the observation group was additionally treated with acupuncture and moxibustion based on the treatment of the control group. The clinical effects in the two groups were compared. Before and after treatment，the changes in indexes of state of consciousness including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE)，indexes of neurological function including National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Barthel Index (BI)，and Generic Quality of Life Inventory-74 (GQOL-74) were compared between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 92.41% in the observation group and 81.01% in the control group，the difference being significant (P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of GCS and MMSE in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the scores of GCS and MMSE in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of social function， mental function， physical function， and material life in GQOL- 74 in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)，and the above scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05). After treatment，NIHSS scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)， and BI scores were increased when compared with those before treatment (P＜0.05)； NIHSS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05)，and BI score was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion： Based on routine operation， the additional treatment of acupuncture and moxibustion combined with hyperbaric oxygen for patients with craniocerebral trauma is helpful to improve clinical effects， improve the state of consciousness and quality of life， and promote the recovery of neurological function.