Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Qing'e Wan Prescription on prevention and treatment of recurrent vertebral height loss after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and to analyze its action mechanism. Methods：A total of 80 cases of hospitalized patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture undergoing PKP were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the treatment group，with 40 cases in each group. After surgery，the control group was given the oral administration of routine anti-osteoporosis drugs like Alendronate Sodium Tablets and Caltrate-D，and the treatment group was additionally given the oral administration of Qing'e Wan Prescription based on the treatment of the control group. The levels of bone mineral density (BMD) and the recurrence rates of vertebral height loss before and after treatment were compared between the two groups； the clinical effects were compared between the two groups. Results： Before treatment， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of T values of BMD between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment，T values of BMD in the two groups were increased (P＜0.05)，and the value in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Before treatment，on the day of surgery，in one month after surgery and in six months after surgery，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the recurrence rates of vertebral height loss between the two groups (P＞0.05). After treatment， the total effective rate was 71.4% in the treatment group，higher than that of 39.4% in the control group (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the recovery rates of vertebral height between the two groups (P＞0.05). In one month after surgery，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the recurrence rates of vertebral height loss between the two groups (P＞0.05). In six months after surgery，the recurrence rate of vertebral height loss in the treatment group was lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion：Based on the oral administration of Alendronate Sodium Tablets and Caltrate- D， the additional application of Qing'e Wan Prescription for patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture after PKP can effectively prevent the recurrence of vertebral height loss and improve BMD levels.