Abstract： Objective： To observe the curative effect of Zigan Yishen Decoction combined with western medicine for patients after vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. Methods：A total of 96 cases of patients with diabetic retinopathy of liver-kidney depletion type were selected as the study subjects and divided into the control group and the combination group according to the random number table method， with 48 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with vitrectomy. One week before the operation， Ranibizumab Injection was injected into the vitreous. After the operation，both groups were treated with Tobramycin Dexamethasone Eye Ointment and Loteprednol Etabonate Ophthalmic Suspension，and the combination group was additionally treated with Zigan Yishen Decoction. Before treatment and after twomonth treatment，the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2) in serum，and blood glucose including postprandial 2-hour blood glucose(P2hBG)，fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) in the two groups were detected. The improvement of vision， curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndromes and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results： After treatment， the total curative effect rate of TCM syndromes was 87.50% in the combination group，higher than that of 64.58% in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.01). The improvement rate of vision was 85.42% in the combination group， higher than that of 62.50% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.01). The levels of VEGF and BMP-2 in serum，and P2hBG，FBG and HbA1c in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and the five values in the combination group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05). Conclusion：Zigan Yishen Decoction combined with western medicine for patients after vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy can effectively improve vascular endothelial function and control levels of blood glucose， and improve vision，which is safe and effective.