Abstract： Prof. LI Yanlin has in- depth research on the treatment of chronic renal failure and its complications，and believes that the internal retention of damp-turbidity and qi deficiency and blood stasis are the basic pathogenesis of chronic renal failure. Prof. LI was the first to put forward the theory of“acute deficiency syndrome”during hemodialysis， and also conducted in- depth research on the changes of Chinese medicine syndromes before and after regular hemodialysis. In addition， Prof. LI was good at modifying traditional effective prescriptions to treat the patients， and achieved remarkable clinical effect， providing a new idea for the improvement and development of the theoretical system of prevention and treatment of chronic renal failure. Attached is one medical case to explain Prof. LI's diagnosis and treatment ideas for chronic renal failure.