Abstract：Objective：To observe the curative effect of Anshen Pingheng acupuncture method combined with estazolam tablets for chronic insomnia and its effect on serum neurotransmitter levels and hyperarousal state. Methods： A total of 112 cases of patients with chronic insomnia were selected as the research objects，and were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method，with 56 cases in each group；three cases shed in the control group and two in the observation group. The control group was given the oral administration of eszolam tablets， and the observation group was additionally treated with Anshen Pingheng acupuncture method based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for three weeks. Before and after treatment， the changes in hyperarousal status including Hyperarousal Scale(HAS) and Pre- sleep Arousal Scale(PSAS)， related neuroelectrophysiological effects including total sleep time(TST)，sleep latency(SOL)，number of awakenments(NWAK)，1/2/3 stages of non- rapid eye movement(N1， N2 ， N3) and proportion of rapid eye movement sleep(REM) to TST as well as the levels of neurotransmitter including γ- aminobutyric acid(GABA) contents and glutamic acid(GA) in serum in the two groups were compared. Results：The scores of HAS and PSAS in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the scores of HAS and PSAS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，the values of N3/TST，TST and REM/TST in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the values of SOL，NWAK，N1/TST and N2/TST were decreased，among which the values of TST，SOL and NWAK showed a significant difference(P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of N3/TST，TST and REM/TST in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， and the levels of SOL， NWAK， N1/TST and N2/TST were lower， differences being significant(P＜0.05). The levels of GABA and GA in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment， and the levels of GABA and GA in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，differences being significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion：The therapy of Anshen Pingheng acupuncture method combined with estazolam tablets for patients with chronic insomnia has a definite curative effect，and can improve their hyperarousal state，insomnia state and sleep quality，reduce the number of awakenments，and adjust the sleep structure.