Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of Qingfei Dingchuan Xiere prescription combined with personalized lung rehabilitation therapy of Chinese medicine for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) complicated with respiratory failure. Methods： A total of 84 cases of patients with AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure were divided into the observation group and the control group by randomized double-blind method，with 42 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine western medicine，and the observation group was additionally treated with Qingre Dingchuan Xiere prescription combined with personalized lung rehabilitation therapy of Chinese medicine based on the treatment of the control group. Clinical effects， Chinese medicine symptom scores， indexes of the lung function [forced vital capacity(FVC)， forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1)， FEV1/FVC]， and indexes of blood gas[partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2)， partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2) of artery] were compared between the two groups. Results： The total effective rate was 88.10% in the observation group， and 69.05% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Before treatment，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of symptom scores of cough， expectoration， and dyspnea between the two groups(P＞0.05)； after treatment， the above symptom scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and each score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05). Before treatment，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the levels of FVC， FEV1， and FEV1/FVC between the two groups(P＞0.05)； after treatment， levels of FVC， FEV1， and FEV1/FVC in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and each index in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05). Before treatment，there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of blood gas indexes including PaCO2 and PaO2 between the two groups(P＞0.05)；after treatment，the above two levels in the two groups were improved when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the improvement of each index in the observation group was more significant than that in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： In the treatment of AECOPD complicated with respiratory failure， Qingfei Dingchuan Xiere prescription combined with personalized lung rehabilitation therapy of Chinese medicine has a significant effect，which can quickly relieve clinical symptoms，improve indexes of blood gas，and strengthen the lung function.