Abstract：Objective：To study the mechanism of Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets on improving function of pancreatic β cells by reducing inflammatory responses in pancreatic β cells in db/db mice. Methods：A total of 24 male 6-week-old db/db mice were randomly and equally divided into three groups， namely the model group， the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group；eight db/m mice in the same litter were set as the control group. The Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group was given gastric gavage with distilled water solution of Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets with 2.64 g/kg， once a day. The metformin group was given gastric gavage with distilled water solution of metformin hydrochloride with 0.2 g/kg once a day. The control group and the model group were given distilled water with equivalent volume， with 1mL each time and once a day. The body weight and blood glucose were measured every two weeks， and the materials were taken after six weeks of intervention. Eyeballs were removed to collect blood to measure blood glucose and insulin， and serum were taken to test the contents of interleukin- 1β(IL- 1β)， tumor necrosis factor- α(TNF- α) and intercellular adhesion molecule- 1(ICAM- 1) by ELISA method； pancreas was extracted to perform HE staining of pathological slices. Results： ① Fasting blood glucose (FBG)：After intervention，there was a significant difference being found in the comparison of FBG in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group before and after intervention(P＜0.05)；there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of FBG between the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group(P＞0.05). ②Body weight： After intervention，the body weight of mice in the metformin group was increased(P＜0.05). ③Insulin secretion indexes：The level of fasting insulin(FINS) in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group was significantly increased when compared with that in the model group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05)； there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of level of FINS between the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group.(P＞0.05) The levels of HOMA2%β in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group were increased when respectively compared with that in the model group， differences being significant(P＜0.05)； there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of level of HOMA2%β between the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group(P＞0.05). ④ Inflammatory factors indexes： The levels of IL- 1β， TNF- α and ICAM- 1 in the model group were increased when compared with those in the control group(P＜0.05)； the above levels in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group were decreased when compared with those in the model group(P＜0.05)， and there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of the above levels between the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group and the metformin group(P＞0.05). ⑤ Pathologic findings of pancreas： The atrophy， partial necrosis and incomplete structure of pancreatic islets were found in the mice in the model group when compared with those in the control group. The atrophy of pancreatic islets and pancreas inflammatory in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group were relatively mild，and the structure of pancreatic islets were relatively complete when compared with those in the model group. The number of pancreatic islet β cells in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group was increased and the boundaries were clearer when compared with those in the metformin group. The cell alignment of pancreatic islets in the Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets group was crowded， the cytosolic was not abundant， and the nucleus was relatively dense when compared with those in the control group. Conclusion： Jiangtang Sanhuang tablets can improve the inflammatory responses in pancreatic β cells of db/db mice and protect function of pancreatic β cell by reducing expressions of IL-1β， TNF-α and ICAM-1.