Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of compound Xueshuantong tablets combined with alprostadil injection for diabetic retinopathy(DR). Methods：A total of 110 cases of patients with diabetic retinopathy were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method， with 55 cases in each group. Both groups were given basic treatment of diabetes. The control group was additionally given intravenous infusion of alprostadil injection， and the observation group was additionally given oral administration of compound Xueshuantong tablets based on the treatment of the control group. The two groups were treated for three courses，30 days being a course. The clinical effects in the two groups were observed. Before and after treatment，the levels of fundus lesions，hemodynamic indexes of central retinal artery [peak systolic velocity(PSV)，end-diastolic velocity(EDV)，blood flow resistance index(RI) and pulsatility index(PI)] as well as changes of visual acuity and visual field in the two groups were compared. After three courses of treatment，the liver and kidney functions in the two groups were observed. Results：The total clinical effective rate was 92.73% in the observation group， and was 78.18% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，the indexes of spots of retinal hemorrhage，micro hemangioma，cotton- wool spots and hard exudation in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and the above four indexes of fundus lesions in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment， the PSV and EDV indexes of hemodynamics of central retinal artery in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the RI and PI indexes were decreased；the PSV，EDV，PI indexes in the observation group were higher than those in the control group， the RI index value in the observation group was lower， differences being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment，the visual acuity in the two groups was improved when compared with that before treatment，and the visual field was narrowed；the visual acuity in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，and the visual field was narrower，differences being significant(P＜0.05). After three courses of treatment，the liver and kidney functions in the two groups showed no anomalous changes. Conclusion： Compound Xueshuantong tablets combined with alprostadil injection for DR has a significant curative effect，which can effectively improve the fundus lesions of patients，repair the local microcirculation of retina，and improve their visual acuity and visual field，with high safety.