Abstract：Objective：To observe the effect of the therapy of Zhuye Shigao tang combined with sitagliptin on glucose and lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods：A total of 120 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method，with 60 cases in each group. The control group was treated with sitagliptin，and the observation group was additionally treated with Zhuye Shigao tang based on the treatment of the control group. The levels of indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism including fasting blood glucose(FBG)， glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)， total cholesterol(TC)， and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and indexes of oxidative stress including superoxide dismutase(SOD)，malondialdehyde (MDA)，glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)，reactive oxygen species(ROS) were observed before and after treatment，and the clinical effects and adverse reactions were evaluated. Results：The total effective rate was 95.00% in the observation group， higher than that of 81.67% in the control group，the difference being significant(χ 2=5.175，P=0.023). After treatment，the levels of FBG，HbA1c，TC and LDL-C in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the levels of indexes of glucose and lipid metabolism in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜ 0.05). After treatment，the levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the levels of MDA and ROS were decreased，and the level of oxidative stress in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P＜0.05). There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Zhuye Shigao tang combined with sitagliptin for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a significant curative effect，which can effectively improve the glucose and lipid metabolism function and reduce the oxidative stress injury，with few adverse reactions.