Abstract： This paper introduces the experience of Professor YAN Xiaoping in treating rheumatism with the method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening bones. Professor YAN xiaoping believes that Rheumatism is the result of many factors. External causes are wind- cold and dampness- heat； internal causes are deficiency of viscera and bowels as well as disharmony of nutrient and defense；internal pathological products are also pathogenic factors，and deficiency of the kidney and contraction of pathogens are important causes of rheumatism. In the clinical treatment and syndrome differentiation of rheumatism， we should pay attention to the method of tonifying the kidney and strengthening bones， combined with the methods of harmonizing yin and yang， combining dynamic and static aspects， protecting the spleen and stomach， differentiating syndromes along meridians， activating blood and freeing the collateral vessels， regulating qi movement， strengthening the defense against pathogens，controlling the development of existing diseases and so on；the application of medicinal with affinity to flesh and blood is also essential in the treatment.