Abstract： Objectives： To observe the effect of modified Dachaihu tang on the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after cholecystolithiasis operation. Methods： A total of 124 cases of patients with selective cholecystolithiasis operation were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method，with 62 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The control group was treated with fasting，anti-infection，enzyme inhibition，gastrointestinal decompression，and other routine treatments after the operation， and the observation group was treated with modified Dachaihu tang three days before operation. The medication was stopped on the day of operation，and continued two days after operation until seven days after operation. The operation and postoperative related indexes，as well as the incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups were compared； the expressions of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and levels of inflammatory factors and gastrointestinal hormones in the two groups three days before operation and eight days after operation were compared. Results：There was no significant difference being found in the comparison of intraoperative blood loss and operation time between the two groups(P＞0.05). The recovery time of bowel sounds，the first exhaust time，the first defecation time and disappearance time of postoperative pain in the observation group were earlier than those in the control group， and hospitalization time was shorter(P＜0.05). Eight days after operation，the levels of CD3+，CD4+ and values of CD4+/CD8+ in the two groups were increased when compared with those three days before operation(P＜0.05)，and the above levels and values in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05)；the levels of CD8 + in the two groups were decreased when compared with those three days before operation(P＜0.05)，and the level of CD8+ in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05). Eight days after operation， the levels of interleukin- 1(IL- 1)， interleukin- 6(IL- 6)， tumor necrosis factor- α(TNF- α) in serum and plasma vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) in the two groups were decreased when compared with those three days before operation(P＜0.05)， and the above levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05)；the levels of plasma motilin(MTL) and somatostatin (SS) in the two groups were increased when compared with those three days before operation(P＜0.05)，and the above levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： Modified Dachaihu tang can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function in patients after cholecystolithiasis operation，and its mechanism is related to regulating the expression of T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood and levels of inflammatory factors and gastrointestinal hormones.