Abstract：Objective：To observe the effect of Fufang Congrong Yizhi capsules，acupuncture and moxibustion combined with rehabilitation therapy on neuronal function， oxidative stress and cognitive function of patients with hypertension complicated with vascular dementia(VD). Methods： A total of 90 cases of patients with hypertension complicated with VD were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， 45 cases in each group. The control group was given routine western medicine，and the observation group was additionally treated with Fufang Congrong Yizhi capsules，acupuncture and moxibustion，as well as rehabilitation therapy based on the treatment of the control group. Both groups were treated for eight weeks. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)，vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)，indexes of oxidative stress and cognitive function were compared between the two groups. Results：After treatment，levels of BNDF，VEGF，glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX)，and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the levels of BNDF，VEGF，GSH-PX and SOD in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05)；levels of malondialdehyde(MDA) in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)， and MDA level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment，the scores of orientation，perception，visuomotor organization，thinking operations，attention and concentration，as well as the total score in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)； the above five scores and the total score of Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment(LOTCA) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜ 0.05). Conclusion：In the treatment of hypertension complicated with VD，the therapy of Fufang Congrong Yizhi capsules， acupuncture and moxibustion combined with rehabilitation therapy can effectively improve neuronal function， relieve oxidative stress injury，and enhance cognitive function.