Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of retention enema with Chinese medicine combined with hemodialysis for end- stage diabetic nephropathy. Methods： A total of 58 cases of patients with end- stage diabetic nephropathy who underwent hemodialysis were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group，29 cases in each group. The control group was given hemodialysis， three times a week. The observation group was given retention enema with Chinese medicine combined with hemodialysis，twice a week. Both groups were treated and observed for two months. Before and after treatment， the changes in Chinese medicine syndrome score and blood examination indexes [hemoglobin，urea nitrogen，serum creatinine，serum potassium，serum phosphorus，β2microglobulin，and parathormone (PTH)] were compared between the two groups. The incidence of complications was observed in the two groups during treatment. Results：After treatment，scores of fatigue and lack of strength，torpid intake，soreness and weakness of the waist and knees，and skin pruritus in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)； scores of torpid intake， soreness and weakness of the waist and knees， and skin pruritus in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05)， and the score of fatigue and lack of strength was higher(P＜0.05). After treatment，levels of hemoglobin in the two groups were increased when compared with those before treatment，and the level in the observation group was higher than that in the control group，there being no significance in differences(P＞0.05). After treatment，levels of urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the two levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，there being no significance in differences(P＞0.05). After treatment，levels of serum potassium and β2microglobulin in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group，there being no significance in differences(P＞0.05). After treatment，levels of serum phosphorus and PTH in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，there being no significance in differences(P＞0.05). During treatment，the incidence of hypotension ， hypoglycemia ， arrhythmia ， and constipation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group， and the comparisons of hypotension and constipation between the two groups showed significance in the difference(P＜0.05). Conclusion：In the treatment of end-stage diabetic nephropathy，the therapy of retention enema with Chinese medicine combined with hemodialysis can relieve clinical symptoms. Besides， due to the change in frequency of hemodialysis from three times a week to twice a week，the incidence of complications during hemodialysis is decreased and prognosis is improved.