Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Xueshuantong injection combined with rivaroxaban in preventing deep venous thrombosis after knee arthroplasty. Methods：A total of 72 cases of patient undergoing knee arthroplasty were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method， 36 cases in each group. The control group was treated with rivaroxaban，and the observation group was additionally treated with Xueshuantong injection based on the treatment of the control group. Before and after treatment， the changes in levels of homocysteine (Hcy)，D-dimer(DD)，high-sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)，hematocrit，whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen in the two groups were compared. One and two weeks after treatment， the incidences of deep venous thrombosis in the two groups were observed. During treatment，the adverse reactions in the two groups were recorded. Results：After treatment， the levels of hematocrit，whole blood viscosity and fibrinogen in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the above indexes in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). After treatment，the levels of DD，Hcy and hs- CRP in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the above levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05). One and two weeks after treatment，the incidences of deep venous thrombosis were 0 and 5.56% respectively in the observation group，and 11.11% and 22.22% respectively in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 5.56% in the observation group and 8.33% in the control group， there being no significance in the difference(P＞0.05). Conclusion： The application of Xueshuantong injection combined with rivaroxaban tablets after knee arthroplasty can significantly improve hemorheology indexes and effectively prevent the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis.