Abstract：Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome(OHSS) is one of the most serious and common complications of assisted reproductive technology，whose incidence is increasing year by year. At present，there is still a lack of effective prevention and treatment in clinic，but Chinese medicine has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of OHSS. The etiology and pathogenesis of OHSS have mainly three types，namely spleen-kidney deficiency and water-dampness retention，yin deficiency with yang hyperactivity and qi and blood stasis， as well as blood aspect disharmony and water retention. The prevention and treatment of OHSS in Chinese medicine can be started from both before and during ovulation induction cycles，so as to achieve the effect of preventing disease before it arises. Chinese medicine treatments of OHSS are mainly prescriptions，acupuncture and moxibustion，which are suitable for patients with mild to moderate OHSS；when it comes to above moderate OHSS， patients need to be given integrated Chinese and western medicine to treat the root and branch simultaneously，so as to control the development of existing disease.