Abstract： Objective： To study the effect of transitional nursing with combination of Chinese medicine characteristic measures on children with leukemia after chemotherapy. Methods： A total of 65 cases of children with leukemia who received chemotherapy and discharge order were prospectively studied， and were divided into the study group and the control group according to the random number table method. After discharge，the control group was given routine nursing guidance，and the study group was given transitional nursing with combination of Chinese medicine characteristic measures. The nursing in both groups lasted for nine months. After nursing，quality of life in the two groups was evaluated from five aspects，namely，decrease in hemorrhage volume，improvement in appetite，weight gain，improvement in complexion， and relief from lack of strength. Psychological status in the two groups was evaluated according to Self- rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and Self- rating Depression Scale(SDS). Results： When compared quality of life between the two groups， decrease in hemorrhage volume，improvement in appetite，weight gain，improvement in complexion，and relief from lack of strength in the study group were more significant than those in the control group，and the total score of quality of life was higher，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). The total scores of SAS and SDS in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion：Transitional nursing with combination of Chinese medicine characteristic measures has significant curative effect on children with leukemia after chemotherapy， and can better improve quality of life and psychological status.