Abstract：By reviewing the literature on the Chinese medicine treatment of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome in recent years，this paper mainly discusses the essence of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome from the aspects of Chinese medicine treatment， acupuncture and moxibustion and its mechanism of action. The mechanism of Chinese medicine treatment in treating kidney- yang deficiency model includes regulating the immune system， energy metabolism， hypothalamuspituitary- target gland axis and the overall growth performance，etc. The mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion in it includes regulating pituitary- gonad axis，pituitary- adrenal axis and pituitary- thyroid axis，etc. Chinese medicine is widely used in the treatment of kidney- yang deficiency syndrome，which has certain advantages in the diagnosis，treatment and prevention of diseases.