Abstract： Objective： To observe the rehabilitation effect of fumigation with modified Kushen tang on patients after surgery of high complex anal fistula. Methods：A total of 100 cases of patients undergoing surgery of high complex anal fistula were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method，50 cases in each group. The control group was treated by incision and thread drawing， or incision and drainage； after surgery， the control group was given levofloxacin hydrochloride and sodium chloride injection by intravenous drip， local fumigation with potassium permanganate solution，and comprehensive nursing intervention. The surgery，medication and nursing measures in the observation group were the same as those in the control group， and the observation group was additionally given fumigation with modified Kushen tang. Both groups were treated for seven days. On the 1st，3rd and 7th day after surgery，the scores of Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) in the two groups were observed and compared. On the 1st， 7th and 14th day after surgery，the wound healing in the two groups was observed and compared. The incidence of postoperative urinary retention， constipation，and wound infection was recorded. The satisfaction was evaluated when discharge. Results：The clinical effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). On the 3rd and 7th day after surgery，the VAS scores of pain in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those at the previous time point(P＜0.05)，and the score at each time point in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05). On the 7th and 14th day after surgery， the scores of wound healing in the two groups were significantly decreased when compared with those on the 1st day after surgery(P＜0.05)， and the score at each time point in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05). The incidence of urinary retention，constipation，and wound infection was 6.00%，8.00% and 12.00% respectively in the observation group，and 20.00%，24.00% and 28.00% respectively in the control group，differences being significant(P＜0.05). The nursing satisfaction in the observation group was superior to that in the control group，the difference being significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion：Fumigation with modified Kushen tang can reduce postoperative pain of high complex anal fistula，promote wound healing，decrease the incidence of urinary retention，constipation，and wound infection，and improve clinical effect and nursing satisfaction.