Abstract：Objective：To observe the clinical effect of the therapy of Xinliang Pingchuan tang combined with sequential treatment of azithromycin for mycoplasma pneumonia(MP) in children. Methods：A total of 95 children with MP were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group according to the random number table method，48 and 47 cases in each group respectively. The control group was solely treated with sequential treatment of azithromycin， and the observation group was additionally treated with Xinliang Pingchuan tang based on the sequential treatment of azithromycin.Both groups were treated for two weeks. The clinical effect，symptom scores and levels of inflammatory cytokines before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results：The total effective rate was 91.67% in the observation group， higher than that of 72.34% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). After treatment， the scores of fever and cough in both groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment，and the scores of fever and cough in the observation group were lower than those in the control group，differences being significant(P＜0.05).After treatment，the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)，tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)，interferon-γ(IFN-γ)，interleukin-10(IL-10)，and interleukin- 4(IL- 4) in serum in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05)，and the levels of interleukin-2(IL-2) were increased(P＜0.05)；the levels of IL-6，TNF-α，IFN-γ，IL-10 and IL-4 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05)，while the level of IL-2 was higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion： The therapy of Xinliang Pingchuan tang combined with sequential treatment of azithromycin can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of MP children， regulate the levels of anti- inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines，and improve the clinical effect.