Abstract： Objective： To observe the clinical effect of Xiao'er Chiqiao Qingre granules for gastrointestinal cold with exterior heat with food retention syndrome. Methods：A total of 110 cases of children were divided into the control group and the observation group according to the random number table method，55 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Qingkailing granules combined with enterococcus faecium granules，and the observation group was treated with Xiao'er Chiqiao Qingre granules. Both groups were treated for three days. If the body temperature was equal to or over 38.5 ℃，the oral administration of ibuprofen granules was taken after mixing with warm water. The onset time of defervesce and the antipyretic time were recorded. The defervesce rate and antipyretic rate in the two groups were counted. Before and after treatment，the scores of exterior heat with food retention syndrome were evaluated. Results：After treatment，the curative effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P＜0.05). The onset time of defervesce and the antipyretic time in the observation group were shortened when compared with those in the control group(P＜0.01). On the first day of treatment，the defervesce rate was 90.91% in the observation group，higher than that of 74.55% in the control group， the difference being significant(P＜0.05). On the second and third day of treatment respectively， there was no significant difference being found in the comparison of defervesce rates between the two groups(P＞0.05). After treatment for one to three days，the antipyretic rates in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05). The scores of symptoms in the nose and pharynx，general symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms as well as the total scores in the two groups were decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.01)，the above scores in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group(P＜0.01). Conclusion：The application of Xiao'er Chiqiao Qingre granules for gastrointestinal cold with exterior heat with food retention syndrome can quickly play the role of defervesce， have significant antipyretic effect， shorten the course of fever， and significantly reduce the nasopharynx symptoms， systemic symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms.