Objective：To analyze coronary plaques with phlegm syndrome， blood stasis syndrome， syndrome of intermingled phlegm and blood stasisand non-phlegm-stasissyndrome via virtual histology-intravascular ultrasound(VH-IVUS)technique，and to discuss the correlation between coronary plaque and such pathological factors as turbid phlegm and blood stasis in Chinese medicine.Methods：40 cases of patients with coronary heart disease were divided into the groups of phlegm syndrome，blood stasis syndrome，syndrome of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis and non-phlegm-stasis syndrome according to Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation，10 cases in each group.Conducted quantitative analysis of the distribution differences in necrotic core(NC)，dense calcium(DC)，fibro-fatty(FF)and fibre(FI)among different syndrome types in the four groups by means of VH-IVUS imaging.Results：The level of NC in the phlegm group and the blood stasis group was significantly higher than that in the group of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome(P＜0.05).The level of FF in the phlegm group，the blood stasis group and the group of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome was significantly higher than that in the non-phlegm-stasis group(P＜0.05)；the level of FF in the group of intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome was significantly higher than that in the phlegm group and the blood stasis group，differences being significant(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences being found in the pairwise comparison of levels of NC，DC，FF，FI in the groups of other syndrome types(P＞0.05).Conclusion：Phlegm or blood stasis can increase the content of FF in coronary plaque，and under the simultaneous effect of both factors，the increase in the content of FF is evidently higher than that influenced by the single factor.