Objective：To discuss the clinical effect of Yangsheng Yizhi tang for vascular dementia.Methods：Divided 112 cases of patients with vascular dementia into the test group and the control group randomly，56 cases in each group.The control group was given donepezil hydrochloride tablets for treatment，while the test group was given Yangsheng Yizhi tang for treatment.The treatment lasted for 3 courses，which covered four weeks in one course.Evaluated the clinical effect in two groups，and compared the activity of daily living scale(ADL)，mini-mental state examination(MMSE)，hasegawa dementia scale revision(HDS-R)，Chinese medicine syndrome scores，and expression levels of microtubule associated(Tau)protein in serum and cysteine aspartate protease-3(Caspase-3)protein in the two groups before and after treatment.Results：The total effective rate was 83.93%in the test group and 66.07%in the control group，difference being significant(P＜0.05).After treatment，scores of ADL，MMSE and HDS-R in both groups were evidently increased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).Scores of ADL，MMSE and HDS-R in the test group were obviously higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the two groups were clearly decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).Chinese medicine syndrome scores in the test group were distinctly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of Tau protein and Caspase-3 protein in serum in two groups were clearly decreased when compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The expression levels of Tau protein and Caspase-3 protein in serum in the test group were all markedly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).C o n c lu s io n：The therapy of Yangsheng Yizhi tang has an significant effect in treating vascular dementia.It can improve self-care ability of patients，significantly improve the symptoms of dementia，reduce the expression levels of Tau protein and Caspase-3 protein in serum，and has an effective application value.