Objective：To explore the historical evolution of the application of moxibustion of ancient physicians in treating pulmonary tuberculosis，and focus on modern literature to discuss the advantages of moxibustion for pulmonary tuberculosis and its therapeutic mechanism.Methods：Reviewed the representative famous medical masterpieces and retrieved China knowledge network，Wanfang and VIP database thus to analyze and summarize the relevant articles and literature of moxibustionon for pulmonary tuberculosis.Results：All historical literature has relevant records of moxibustion for pulmonary tuberculosis，and the effect is significant.Modern clinical studies also show that moxibustion can not only improve a variety of clinical symptoms of patients and reduce the toxic and side effects caused by anti-tuberculosis drugs，but also can increase the sputum negative conversion rate and degradation rate and promote immune function.Conclusion：Moxibustion plays a role of effect-enhancing and toxin-reducing in the adjuvant treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis.Complementing advantages of each other，it is an important method of adjuvant treatment for treating pulmonary tuberculosis in clinical practice.