Objective：To observe the effect of preparations of rhizoma polygonati on pain and knee range of motion as well as the changes of concentration of serum interleukin-1(IL-1)，interleukin-33(IL-33)and matrix metalloproteinase-13(MMP-13)of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis.To discuss the clinical effect and functional mechanism of the treatment with rhizoma polygonati for knee joint osteoarthritis.Methods：Collected 100 cases of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis.Divided them into the treatment group being 50 cases(5 cases dropped out)and the control group being 50 cases(8 cases dropped out)randomly.The treatmentgroup was given the preparations of rhizoma polygonati and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment，while the control group only received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment.After treatment for 3 months and 6 months，detected the VAS pain score，drew venous blood of patients，and analyzed the concentration of IL-1，IL-33 and MMP-13.Compared and analyzed the changes of the concentration of IL-1，IL-33 and MMP-13.Results：①Before treatment and after treatment for 3 months and 6 months，compared the VAS pain scores when patients lay flat，sat down，and stood up，and the concentration of inflammatory indexes including IL-1，IL-33 and MMP-13 in the treatment group，there were significant differences being found(P ＜ 0.05)，and there existed time effects.②There existed no interaction effects between the grouping factors of the total VAS pain scores when patients lay flat，sat down，stood up and walked，the knee range of motion of flexion and extension as well as the concentration of inflammatory indexes including IL-1，IL-33 and MMP-13 and time factors，differences being insignificant(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion：Preparations of rhizoma polygonati can effectively relieve knee joint pain and enhance knee range of motion，reduce the concentration of serum IL-1，IL-33 and MMP-13 of patients with knee joint osteoarthritis，effectively inhibit inflammatory reaction，and delay the further disease progression of patients.