Objective：To analyse the nerve electrophysiological index of patients with chronic renal failure of peripheral neuropathy and different types of Chinese medicine syndrome，and to make a preliminary discussion on the relationship of Chinese medicine syndrome type with nerve electrophysiology so as to provide the objective quantitative index of reference value for Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation.MethodsEighty cases of patients with chronic renal failure of peripheral neuropathy were divided into spleen-kidney qi deficiency type，dampness turbidity type，blood stasis type and spleen-kidney yang deficiency type based on the standards of Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation，each type being 20 cases respectively.All the patients receivedthe nerve electrophysiological examination via electromyography so as to detect the motor nerve conduction velocity(MCV)of median nerve，ulnar nerve，tibial nerve and peroneal nerve，amplitude of compound muscle action potential(CMAP)， sensory nerve conduction velocity(SCV)of median nerve， ulnar nerve， tibial nerve and superficial peroneal nerve， amplitude of sensory nerve action potential(SNAP).ResultsOnset ages of 4 groups were compared，there was no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).Courses of 4 groups were compared，differences being significant(P ＜ 0.05)；the course of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group was the longest，comparing with the other 3 groups，differences being significant(P ＜ 0.05).MCV of median nerve，ulnar nerve，tibial nerve and peroneal nerve of the spleenkidney qi deficiency group was all higher than that of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group，dampness turbidity group and blood stasis group(P ＜ 0.05)；MCV of median nerve，ulnar nerve，tibial nerve and peroneal nerve of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group was all lower than that of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group，blood stasis group and dampness turbidity group(P＜0.05).SCV of median nerve，ulnar nerve and superficial peroneal nerve of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group was all higher than that of the dampness turbidity group，blood stasis group and spleen-kidney yang deficiency group(P＜0.05)；SCV of median nerve，ulnar nerve and superficial peroneal nerve of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group was all lower than that of the blood stasis group，dampness turbidity group and spleen-kidney qi deficiency group(P＜0.05).The decrease degree of CMAP amplitude of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group was the most significant，while that of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group was the most slightest.CMAP amplitude of median nerve，ulnar nerve and peroneal nerve of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group was all higher than that of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group，dampness turbidity group and blood stasis group(P ＜ 0.05)；CMAP amplitude of median nerve，ulnar nerve and peroneal nerve of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group was all lower than that of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group，dampness turbidity group and blood stasis group(P ＜ 0.05)；CMAP amplitude of peroneal nerve of the dampness turbidity group was higher than that of the blood stasis group(P＜0.05).The decrease degree of SNAP amplitude of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group was the slightest；SNAP amplitude of median nerve，ulnar nerve and superficial peroneal nerve of the spleen-kidney qi deficiency group was all higher than that of the spleen-kidney yang deficiency group，blood stasis group and dampness turbidity group(P＜0.05).ConclusionThere are differences in the nerve electrophysiological examination of patients with chronic renal failure of peripheral neuropathy and different types of Chinese medicine syndrome.Nerve electrophysiology is a sensitive index for observing peripheral neuropathy，and can be one of the objective quantitative indexes of reference value for Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation study and interventional treatment.